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Conclusions from a study carried out in the U.S.A in 1998 by the University of Pittsburgh, Legionella in Water Distribution Systems, were that copper and silver ionisation for the control of Legionella bacteria outperformed conventional treatment techniques such as hyperchlorination, superheating and flushing, and UV light systems because of the following advantages: (i) installation and maintenance are easy; (ii) efficacy is not affected by high water temperatures (unlike with chlorine and UV light systems); (iii) residual disinfectant protection occurs throughout the system (unlike with UV light); and (iv) re-colonisation is delayed because the copper and silver ions kill rather than suppress Legionella bacteria (unlike with chlorine).
Results of tests carried out during a research project completed in 1996 by BSRIA in the UK showed that where silver and copper ion concentrations could be maintained at 0.04 mg/l and 0.4 mg/l respectively, copper and silver ionisation was effective against Legionella bacteria in both cold and hot water systems with reduced water temperatures as low as 35°C. This study also showed that the copper and silver ions not only reduce the biofilm coverage in cisterns and within pipework circuits, they also reduce the number of Legionella bacteria present within the biofilm. (Reference: BSRIA Technical notes TN6/96).
ProEconomy have been analysing water since 1993 and have built up substantial data on results. This data shows that where silver and copper ion concentrations are maintained at outlets at between 0.02 and 0.08 mg/l and at between 0.2 and 0.4 mg/l respectively, Legionella contamination is avoided and controlled.
Short film on how the Orca system works